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Die PECB ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor-Prüfung ist eine strenge und umfassende Bewertung des Wissens und der Fähigkeiten eines Kandidaten in der Leitung eines ISMS-Audit-Teams und der Durchführung eines Audits gemäß den Anforderungen des ISO/IEC 27001:2013-Standards. Es ist eine wertvolle Zertifizierung für Fachleute, die ihre Karriere im Bereich des Informationssicherheitsmanagements und der Auditierung vorantreiben möchten und ihre Expertise in diesem Bereich demonstrieren möchten.

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PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor exam ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor Prüfungsfragen mit Lösungen (Q322-Q327):

322. Frage
You are performing an ISMS initial certification audit at a residential nursing home that provides healthcare services. The next step in your audit plan is to conduct the closing meeting. During the final audit team meeting, as an audit team leader, you agree to report 2 minor nonconformities and 1 opportunity for improvement as below:

Select one option of the recommendation to the audit programme manager you are going to advise to the auditee at the closing meeting.

A. Recommend that an unannounced audit is carried out at a future date
B. Recommend that a partial audit is required within 3 months
C. Recommend certification after your approval of the proposed corrective action plan Recommend that the findings can be closed out at a surveillance audit in 1 year
D. Recommend certification immediately
E. Recommend that a full scope re-audit is required within 6 months

Antwort: C

Begründung:
Explanation
According to ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015, which specifies the requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems, clause 9.4.9 requires the certification body to make a certification decision based on the information obtained during the audit and any other relevant information1. The certification body should also consider the effectiveness of the corrective actions taken by the auditee to address any nonconformities identified during the audit1. Therefore, when making a recommendation to the audit programme manager, an ISMS auditor should consider the nature and severity of the nonconformities and the proposed corrective actions.
Based on the scenario above, the auditor should recommend certification after their approval of the proposed corrective action plan and recommend that the findings can be closed out at a surveillance audit in 1 year. The auditor should provide the following justification for their recommendation:
* Justification: This recommendation is appropriate because it reflects the fact that the auditee has only two minor nonconformities and one opportunity for improvement, which do not indicate a significant or systemic failure of their ISMS. A minor nonconformity is defined as a failure to achieve one or more requirements of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 or a situation which raises significant doubt about the ability of an ISMS process to achieve its intended output, but does not affect its overall effectiveness or conformity2. An opportunity for improvement is defined as a suggestion for improvement beyond what is required by ISO/IEC 27001:20222. Therefore, these findings do not prevent or preclude certification, as long as they are addressed by appropriate corrective actions within a reasonable time frame. The auditor should approve the proposed corrective action plan before recommending certification, to ensure that it is realistic, achievable, and effective. The auditor should also recommend that the findings can be closed out at a surveillance audit in 1 year, to verify that the corrective actions have been implemented and are working as intended.
The other options are not valid recommendations for the audit programme manager, as they are either too lenient or too strict for the given scenario. For example:
* Recommend certification immediately: This option is not valid because it implies that the auditor ignores or accepts the nonconformities, which is contrary to the audit principles and objectives of ISO
19011:20182, which provides guidelines for auditing management systems. It also contradicts the requirement of ISO/IEC 17021-1:20151, which requires the certification body to consider the effectiveness of the corrective actions taken by the auditee before making a certification decision.
* Recommend that a full scope re-audit is required within 6 months: This option is not valid because it implies that the auditor overreacts or exaggerates the nonconformities, which is contrary to the audit principles and objectives of ISO 19011:20182. It also contradicts the requirement of ISO/IEC
17021-1:20151, which requires the certification body to determine whether a re-audit is necessary based on the nature and extent of nonconformities and other relevant factors. A full scope re-audit is usually reserved for major nonconformities or multiple minor nonconformities that indicate a serious or widespread failure of an ISMS.
* Recommend that an unannounced audit is carried out at a future date: This option is not valid because it implies that the auditor distrusts or doubts the auditee's commitment or capability to implement corrective actions, which is contrary to the audit principles and objectives of ISO 19011:20182. It also contradicts the requirement of ISO/IEC 17021-1:20151, which requires the certification body to conduct unannounced audits only under certain conditions, such as when there are indications of serious problems with an ISMS or when required by sector-specific schemes.
* Recommend that a partial audit is required within 3 months: This option is not valid because it implies that the auditor imposes or prescribes a specific time frame or scope for verifying corrective actions, which is contrary to the audit principles and objectives of ISO 19011:20182. It also contradicts the requirement of ISO/IEC 17021-1:20151, which requires the certification body to determine whether a partial audit is necessary based on the nature and extent of nonconformities and other relevant factors. A partial audit may be appropriate for minor nonconformities, but the time frame and scope should be agreed upon with the auditee and based on the proposed corrective action plan.
References: ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015 - Conformity assessment - Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems - Part 1: Requirements, ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems

323. Frage
Which situation presented below represents a threat?

A. Cyber attackers infiltrated the network by exploiting a zero-day vulnerability in the organization's firewall software
B. An employee accesses unauthorized files using their legitimate credentials
C. An organization fails to implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) for its cloud services

Antwort: A

Begründung:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth
C . Correct Answer - This is a Threat. A cyberattack exploiting a zero-day vulnerability is an active security threat, as it causes harm to the organization.
A . Employee accessing unauthorized files is a vulnerability (insider risk) rather than an external threat.
B . Lack of MFA is a security weakness (vulnerability), not a threat.

324. Frage
You are performing an ISMS audit at a residential nursing home that provides healthcare services. The next step in your audit plan is to verify the information security of the business continuity management process. During the audit, you learned that the organisation activated one of the business continuity plans (BCPs) to make sure the nursing service continued during the recent pandemic. You ask the Service Manager to explain how the organization manages information security during the business continuity management process.
The Service Manager presented the nursing service continuity plan for a pandemic and summarised the process as follows:
Stop the admission of any NEW residents.
70% of administration staff and 30% of medical staff will work from home.
Regular staff self-testing, including submitting a negative test report 1 day BEFORE they come to the office.
Install ABC's healthcare mobile app, tracking their footprint and presenting a GREEN Health Status QR-Code for checking on the spot.
You ask the Service Manager how to prevent non-relevant family members or interested parties from accessing residents' personal data when staff work from home. The Service Manager cannot answer and suggests the IT Security Manager should help with that.
You would like to further investigate other areas to collect more audit evidence. Select three options that will not be in your audit trail.

A. Collect more evidence on how the organisation makes sure all staff periodically conduct a positive Covid test (Relevant to control A.7.2)
B. Collect more evidence on what resources the organisation provides to support the staff working from home. (Relevant to clause 7.1)
C. Collect more evidence on how the organisation performs a business risk assessment to evaluate how fast the existing residents can be discharged from the nursing home. (Relevant to clause 6)
D. Collect more evidence by interviewing additional staff to ensure they are aware of the need to sometimes work from home (Relevant to clause 7.3)
E. Collect more evidence on how information security protocols are maintained during disruption (relevant to control A.5.29)
F. Collect more evidence on how the organisation manages information security on mobile devices and during teleworking (Relevant to control A.6.7)
G. Collect more evidence that staff only use IT equipment protected from malware when working from home (relevant to control A.8.7)
H. Collect more evidence on how and when the Business Continuity Plan has been tested. (Relevant to control A.5.29)

Antwort: A,B,C

Begründung:
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022 clause 6.1, the organization must establish, implement and maintain an information security risk management process that includes the following activities:
* establishing and maintaining information security risk criteria;
* ensuring that repeated information security risk assessments produce consistent, valid and comparable results;
* identifying the information security risks;
* analyzing the information security risks;
* evaluating the information security risks;
* treating the information security risks;
* accepting the information security risks and the residual information security risks;
* communicating and consulting with stakeholders throughout the process;
* monitoring and reviewing the information security risks and the risk treatment plan.
According to control A.5.29, the organization must establish, document, implement and maintain processes, procedures and controls to ensure the required level of continuity for information security during a disruptive situation. The organization must also:
* determine its requirements for information security and the continuity of information security management in adverse situations, e.g. during a crisis or disaster;
* establish, document, implement and maintain processes, procedures and controls to ensure the required level of continuity for information security during an adverse situation;
* verify the availability of information processing facilities.
Therefore, the following options will not be in your audit trail, as they are not relevant to the information security risk management process or the information security continuity process:
* E: Collect more evidence on how the organisation makes sure all staff periodically conduct a positive Covid test (Relevant to control A.7.2). This is not relevant to the information security aspects of business continuity management, as it is related to the health and safety of the staff, not the protection of information assets. Control A.7.2 is about screening of personnel prior to employment, not during employment.
* G: Collect more evidence on how the organisation performs a business risk assessment to evaluate how fast the existing residents can be discharged from the nursing home. (Relevant to clause 6). This is not relevant to the information security aspects of business continuity management, as it is related to the operational and financial aspects of the business, not the identification and treatment of information security risks. Clause 6 is about the information security risk management process, not the business risk management process.
* H: Collect more evidence on what resources the organisation provides to support the staff working from home. (Relevant to clause 7.1). This is not relevant to the information security aspects of business continuity management, as it is related to the general provision of resources for the ISMS, not the specific processes, procedures and controls to ensure the continuity of information security during a disruptive situation. Clause 7.1 is about determining and providing the resources needed for the establishment, implementation, maintenance and continual improvement of the ISMS, not the resources needed for the staff working from home.
References:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clauses 6.1, 7.1, and Annex A control A.5.29
* [PECB Candidate Handbook ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor], pages 14-15, 17, 22-23
* ISO 27001:2022 Annex A Control 5.29 - What's New?
* ISO 22301 Business Continuity Management System

325. Frage
Select the words that best complete the sentence to describe an audit finding.

Antwort:

Begründung:

Explanation:
"An audit finding is the result of the evaluation of the collected audit evidence against audit criteria." The words that best complete the sentence to describe an audit finding are evaluation and evidence. According to ISO 19011:2022, an audit finding is the result of the evaluation of the collected audit evidence against audit criteria12. The other options are either not related to the definition of an audit finding or do not fit the sentence grammatically. References: 1: ISO 19011:2022, Guidelines for auditing management systems, Clause 3.11
2: PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Exam Preparation Guide, Domain 5: Conducting an ISO/IEC 27001 audit

326. Frage
A property of Information that has the ability to prove occurrence of a claimed event.

A. Electronic chain letters
B. Availability
C. Accessibility
D. Integrity

Antwort: D

Begründung:
A property of information that has the ability to prove occurrence of a claimed event is integrity. Integrity is one of the three main objectives of information security, along with confidentiality and availability. Integrity ensures that information and systems are not corrupted, modified, or deleted by unauthorized actions or events. Integrity also implies that information and systems can be verified and validated as authentic and accurate. Electronic chain letters are not a property of information, but a type of spam or hoax message that may contain malicious or misleading content. Availability means that service should be accessible at the required time and usable only by the authorized entity. Accessibility is not a property of information, but a characteristic of usability that refers to how easy it is for users to access and interact with information and systems. Reference: : CQI & IRCA ISO 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Course Handbook, page 24. : [ISO/IEC 27001 Brochures | PECB], page 4. : [ISO/IEC 27001 LEAD AUDITOR - PECB], page 13.

327. Frage
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